Frank Faltraco, Denise Palm, Andrew Coogan, Frederick Simon, Oliver Tucha and Johannes Thome* Pages 5692 - 5709 ( 18 )
Background: The internal clock is driven by circadian genes [e.g., Clock, Bmal1, Per1-3, Cry1-2], hormones [e.g., melatonin, cortisol], as well as zeitgeber [‘synchronisers’]. Chronic disturbances in the circadian rhythm in
Objectives: The aim of this review is to summarise the current knowledge and literature regarding circadian rhythms in the context of mood disorders, focussing on the role of circadian genes, hormones, and neurotransmitters.
Methods: The review presents the current knowledge and literature regarding circadian rhythms in mood disorders using the Pubmed database. Articles with a focus on circadian rhythms and mood disorders [n=123], particularly from 1973 to 2020, were included.
Results: The article suggests a molecular link between disruptions in the circadian rhythm and mood disorders. Circadian disturbances, caused by the dysregulation of circadian genes, hormones, and neurotransmitters, often result in a clinical picture resembling depression.
Conclusion: The article suggests a molecular link between disruptions in the circadian rhythm and mood disorders. Circadian disturbances, caused by the dysregulation of circadian genes, hormones, and neurotransmitters, often result in a clinical picture resembling depression.
Circadian rhythmicity, circadian genes, neurotransmitter, hormones, mood, major depression disorder, bipolar disorder, mania.
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Department of Psychology, Maynooth University, National University of Ireland, Maynooth, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock